Powers of President of India

The President of India is the head of state and plays a vital role in the country's governance. Here are the key _Powers and Functions of the President_:

Executive Powers

1. Appointment of Prime Minister and Council of Ministers*: The President appoints the Prime Minister and other Ministers.

2. Appointment of Governors*: The President appoints Governors for each state.

3. Appointment of Judges*: The President appoints Judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts.

4. Appointment of Ambassadors and Diplomats*: The President appoints Ambassadors and Diplomats to represent India abroad.

Legislative Powers

1. Summoning and Dissolving Parliament*: The President summons and dissolves the Lok Sabha (Lower House of Parliament) and Rajya Sabha (Upper House of Parliament).

2. Addressing Parliament*: The President addresses the first session of Parliament after each general election.

3. Giving Assent to Bills*: The President gives assent to bills passed by Parliament, making them laws.

Judicial Powers

1. Granting Pardons*: The President has the power to grant pardons to convicted individuals.

2. Granting Reprieves*: The President can grant reprieves, which temporarily suspend the execution of a sentence.

3. Granting Remissions*: The President can grant remissions, which reduce the severity of a sentence.

Diplomatic Powers

1. Receiving Foreign Diplomats*: The President receives foreign diplomats and ambassadors.

2. Negotiating Treaties*: The President negotiates and signs treaties with foreign governments.

3. Declaring War or Peace*: The President declares war or peace, subject to the approval of Parliament.

Emergency Powers

1. Declaring National Emergency*: The President declares a national emergency, which gives the central government special powers.

2. Declaring State Emergency*: The President declares a state emergency, which allows the central government to take control of a state.

3. Declaring Financial Emergency*: The President declares a financial emergency, which gives the central government control over the state's finances.

Other Powers

1. Conferring Honors and Awards*: The President confers honors and awards, such as the Padma Awards.

2. Appointing Commissions*: The President appoints commissions to investigate various issues.

3. Exercising Veto Power*: The President exercises veto power over bills passed by Parliament.